Psychology Mental illness Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Psychology Mental illness - Assignment Example It has been the endeavour of all nations and societies to get rid of all kinds of abnormalities. Why they exist nobody knows. It has also been observed that some kind of abnormalities tend to be restricted to a particular region of the world. Abnormalities are normally associated with a kind of behaviour that is out of ordinary though not necessarily dysfunctional. Its causes are generally attributed to an out-of-ordinary working of certain areas of the brain. It still hasn’t been ascertained as to what leads to dysfunctional behaviour of certain areas of the brain. Sometimes it could be because of brain damage which usually happens when the person meets with an accident or something like that and at other times affliction of certain regions of the brain could be the result of some other medical condition that the person may be suffering from. There are some cultures that attribute a certain abnormality to the handiwork of the ‘devil’ within that person. Such supe rstitious beliefs have even led to the incarceration of many abnormal people! It’s important that society be considerate and encourage such individuals to consult a medical practitioner. There is no general consensus as to what abnormality actually constitutes. Perceptions vary depending upon the nation or culture under consideration. Abnormal people tend to display odd behaviour. There is cause for concern when this kind of odd behaviour is socially unacceptable; but at the same time, â€Å"new research in individuals with schizotypal personalities - people characterized by odd behavior and language but who are not psychotic or schizophrenic - offers the first neurological evidence these individuals are more creative than normal or fully schizophrenic people, and rely more heavily on the right sides of their brains than the general population to access their creativity.† This was stated on the basis of a study conducted by two Vanderbilt psychologists Brad Folley and Sohee Park. (â€Å"Odd behavior and creativity may go hand-in-hand†, Machine Design, pg 77) ). The latter kind of abnormality is usually considered by society as an inherent trait of individuals who are high-performing and highly creative. It’s the former kind that usually warrants treatment and medication. For example, a child who refuses to mix up with people, instead choosing to shut himself in his room would be considered abnormal. There is a high probability of him getting castigated by society which in turn can lead to depression and other complications as well. Yet another example of abnormal behaviour is one where a teenaged boy indulges in explicit talk about his sexual fantasies and tending to neglect his studies altogether. Surely these kind of individuals need to be counselled. In most cases abnormal behaviour can be the result of some kind of inner turmoil that an individual might be facing. One problem with the diagnosis of mental disorders is â€Å"the prevalence of diagnoses by gender, sex bias in diagnosis, the problematic impact of particular diagnoses on women, and the relationship of diagnosis to socialization and social conditions.† (Gender and Diagnosis: Struggles and Suggestions for Counselors, JCD, pg 12) Feminists have stated that â€Å"diagnoses like nymphomania, hysteria, neurasthenia, erotomania, kleptomania, and masochism have served to enforce conformity to norms of female domesticity, subordination, and subservience to men’

Case study Ice-Fili Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ice-Fili - Case Study Example In addition, emergence of a large number of domestic producers also contributed to the market share erosion of the firm in the recent years. Russian ice cream market has also declined over the last decade. The company gave primary focus to product quality and therefore it continued to use natural ingredients while foreign manufacturers widely used chemical preservatives to increase the durability of their ice cream products. This approach not only assisted the foreign players to make their products durable, but also aided them to reduce the costs. Thus they obtained competitive advantages over the traditional players like Ice-Fili. In total, the company’s traditional product policies also played a crucial role in reducing its dominance in the Russian ice cream market. The case study indicates that Russian ice cream market exhibits strong seasonal fluctuations. The country’s ice cream consumption normally reaches at its peak during the summer season. The Russian ice cream consumption has notably declined by the early 21st century as compared to other developed economies like the United States, France, and Canada. Regional Russian producers do not give much emphasis to the promotion of ice cream products and this adverse situation keeps the country’s ice cream industry down despite the high level affordability of ice cream products in Russia. As Rukstad Wells and Yin, point out, beer, soft drink, and confectionary industries take advantages of this favorable situation (To illustrate, the production of beer was up 23%, soft drinks 25%, and confectionaries 8% in 2000 whereas the production of ice cream was down 3.5% in the same period as compared to the previous year) which in turn worsen the growth of Russian ice cream industry. Degree of competitive rivalry is very high in Russian ice cream industry. The exhibit